High School Technology Applications PA Core Standards

Legal/Ethical

Marketing Technology

Marketing Plan

Research

Marketing Mix

Communications in Marketing

Marketing Fundamentals

Marketing as a Profession

Marketing

Management Focus

Human Resource Management

Management Skills

Management Functions

Organization and Characteristics of Business

Management

Global Finance

Global Marketing

Global Business Opportunity

Global Decision Making

Global Responsibility

Global Communication

Global Economics

Government and Legal Systems

Global Literacy

Global Business

Saving and Investing

Risk Management and Insurance

Money Management / Credit and Debt

Personal Finance Responsibility

Finance and Economics

Innovation / Opportunity in Entrepreneurship

Business Foundations

Entrepreneurs in the Global Economy

Entrepreneurs in the Domestic Economy

The Entrepreneur

Entrepreneurship

Emerging Technologies in Careers

Technology Research

Digital Media

Programming

Software/Applications

Networking

Operating Systems

Input Technologies

Hardware

Digital Citizenship

Influence of Emerging Technologies

Computer and Information Technologies

Diversity

Electronic Communication

Organizational Communication

Etiquette

Foundations of Communication

Communication

Evaluating & Controlling

Leading/Directing

Organizing

Knowledge/Planning

Career Management

Compliance

Financial Reporting and Analysis

Framework for Financial Reporting

Accounting Fundamentals

Accounting as a Profession

Accounting

Design Thinking in Technology and Engineering Education

Applying, Maintaining, Assessing and Evaluating Technological Products and Systems

Integration of Knowledge, Technologies, and Practices

Nature and Characteristics of Technology and Engineering

Evaluate how technology and engineering have been powerful forces in reshaping the social, cultural, political, and economic landscapes throughout history.

Use project management tools, strategies, and processes in planning, organizing, and controlling work.

Implement quality control as a planned process to ensure that a product, service, or system meets established criteria.

Relate how technological and engineering developments have been evolutionary, often the result of a series of refinements to basic inventions or technological knowledge.

Identify and explain how the evolution of civilization has been directly affected by, and has in turn affected, the development and use of tools, materials, and processes.

Analyze how the Industrial Revolution resulted in the development of mass production, sophisticated transportation and communication systems, advanced construction practices, and improved education and leisure time.

Investigate the widespread changes that have resulted from the Information Age, which has placed emphasis on the processing and exchange of information.

Analyze the rate of technological and engineering development and predict future diffusion and adoption of new innovations and technologies.

Demonstrate the use of conceptual, graphical, virtual, mathematical, and physical modeling to identify conflicting considerations before the entire system is developed and to aid in design decision making.

Analyze the stability of a technological system and how it is influenced by all of the components in the system, especially those in the feedback loop.

Troubleshoot and improve a flawed system embedded within a larger technological, social, or environmental system.

Analyze funding sources for an entrepreneurship including, IPO/venture capital, loans, and owner capital.

Summarize professional designations, careers, and organizations within the field of accounting, including education and certification requirements.

Analyze the roles of policy-setting bodies in the accounting profession, e.g., American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), Pennsylvania Institute of Certified Public Accountants (PICPA), Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Analyze business transactions using T-accounts to determine their impact on a business.

Analyze, journalize, and post transactions to general & subsidiary ledgers.

Perform accounting functions using technology as a tool.

Analyze and journalize transactions for short- and long-term assets.

Analyze and journalize transactions involving short- and long-term liabilities.

Identify, calculate, and record depreciation, depletion and amortization; explain their effect on the financial statements.

Differentiate between and journalize entries for issuance or repurchase of stock and the declaration and payment of dividends.

Analyze the various methods for maintaining and valuing inventory (FIFO/LIFO/etc.) and describe their effect on financial statements.

Describe, calculate, and journalize the sales and cost of sales including purchases, transportation costs, sales taxes, and trade discounts.

Describe and explain the criteria used to determine expenses and journalize the expense transactions.

Analyze and calculate gross pay and net pay, including regular and overtime wages, commission, and piece rate.

Explain how the different forms of business ownership and business operations are reported on financial statements.

Compare and contrast the accrual basis and the cash basis of accounting; assess the impact of each on the financial statements.

Analyze and perform the reconciliation of accounts.

Prepare financial statements (including a Balance Sheet, Profit & Loss and Owner's Equity) and understand their relevance.

Explain the primary areas of analysis (trend analysis, profitability, liquidity, capital structure) and the information that can be obtained from each.

Analyze and perform a horizontal and vertical analysis of the income statement and balance sheet.

Assess profitability, liquidity, and solvency by calculating and interpreting financial ratios.

Assess capital structure by calculating and interpreting financial ratios.

Analyze and explain the use of industry averages in assessing the financial condition, operating results, profitability, liquidity, and capital structure.

Analyze business activities using cash flow statements.

Analyze and perform breakeven and cost benefit analyses to support financial decisions.

Determine and calculate taxable income and tax liability for both personal and business taxes.

Demonstrate an auditing procedure that provides assurance that financial records are accurate.

Analyze personal characteristics, talents, skills, abilities and career assessment results as related to career pathways, clusters, or occupations.

Analyze a specific occupation within a career cluster.

Analyze and compare global employment opportunities relative to career interests, including but not limited to, the country's culture, legitimacy of a global business, prospective employers, and social network/virtual identity.

Analyze job tasks and responsibilities when working in a virtual versus a traditional work environment.

Compare and contrast career interests with post-secondary opportunities.

Evaluate various methods for financing a post-secondary education.

Analyze and complete an application (e.g., job, scholarship, financial aid, post-secondary) in a focused and effective manner.

Demonstrate appropriate behavior for an interview.

Compare and contrast employment laws including, but not limited to, American with Disabilities Act (ADA), Child Labor Laws, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act (COBRA), and Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA).

Analyze career goals based on, but not limited to, interest, lifestyle, skills, and values in order to transition from high school.

Apply networking skills as a resource for further career portfolio development and career opportunities.

Analyze how personal qualities and behavior apply in the workplace.

Evaluate the impact of workplace expectations on job performance.

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Formulate and demonstrate strategies for working with diverse populations.

Evaluate conflicts within the workplace and demonstrate procedures to acquire a positive resolution.

Evaluate the impact of change, work/life balance, and lifelong learning on one's life.

Evaluate work product and make recommendations based on content.

Analyze business documents for content and effectiveness.

Create a research project based upon defined parameters.

Evaluate business materials (including web based resources) for value related to purpose, quality, and appropriateness.

Evaluate chosen print and electronic resources for advanced research.

Evaluate a speaker's reasoning and intent; ask questions to deepen understanding. (individual, team, employment, and business).

Employ appropriate presentation skills to lead discussions and team activities.

Evaluate presentations for language, proper techniques and media choices.

Synthesize information gathered from multiple sources (e.g., digital, print, face to face).

Apply strategies to overcome barriers to active listening.

Apply cultural mores to evaluate intent of verbal and non-verbal behaviors.

Evaluate characteristics of positive role models and their contribution to the development of a professional image.

Critique etiquette skills for building and maintaining a professional image.

Demonstrate appropriate work ethic in the workplace, community, and classroom.

Identify the diverse communication skills necessary within an organization (e.g., customer relations, sales, management).

Demonstrate leadership communication skills through delegating, negotiating, goal setting, and generating ideas.

Analyze communication channels and their effectiveness within the corporate culture.

Evaluate best practices of communication based on culture, practice, and laws related to supervising others in a corporate entity.

Evaluate electronic communication options based on need.

Demonstrate application of digital

Critique the effectiveness of various electronic communication options related to desired outcomes.

Evaluate how mobile communication impacts businesses or organizations.

Collaborate via electronic communication with peers, educators, and/or professionals to meet organizational goals.

Identify the diversity within a work group and the strategies for effective communication.

Apply the creative and productive use of emerging technologies for educational and personal success.

Evaluate the impact of social, legal, ethical, and safe behaviors on digital citizenship.

Develop criteria for analyzing hardware options to meet defined needs.

Evaluate emerging input technologies.

Analyze the different operating systems and recommend the appropriate system for specific user needs.

Compare and contrast network environments, including the function of network devices and connectivity issues.

Create an advanced digital project using sophisticated design and appropriate software/applications.

Use programming languages to develop logical thinking and problem solving skills.

Compare and contrast programming languages; select most appropriate one to complete a specific task.

Create a complex computer program to solve a problem.

Evaluate advanced multimedia work products and make recommendations based on the evaluation.

Analyze personal choices in preparation for entrepreneurship.

Evaluate personal management and organizational abilities to succeed in entrepreneurship.

Analyze the impact of entrepreneurship in the domestic economy.

Create a business plan using appropriate data to support the business concept.

Evaluate legal forms of business entities when considering entrepreneurship (e.g., existing business, franchise, new business, corporation, LLC/partnership, sole

Research the opportunities for local entrepreneurship in the global economy and discuss the impact of government regulations.

Analyze factors affecting global pricing including international currency fluctuations, tariffs, price controls, and anti-dumping laws.

Assess advantages and disadvantages for entrepreneurial business in foreign markets; including language and trade barriers, marketing, and regulations.

Evaluate the functions of operations management as influenced by the business parameters.

Evaluate strategies for incorporating emerging technologies into specific business operations.

Analyze issues and cases associated with government regulation.

Analyze an innovation/business concept and develop a comprehensive business plan.

Evaluate the impact of internal and external influences on financial decisions.

Analyze financial decisions for major purchasing events occurring at different stages in life, systematically considering alternatives and consequences.

Reference Career Education and Work

Develop criteria to evaluate employment options.

Assess the purpose, source, and impact of various taxes.

Evaluate criteria for personal spending in relation to the economic climate.

Identify strategies for personal financial management.

Evaluate payment methods for major purchases.

Analyze the functions of the Federal Reserve and other financial institutions.

Analyze the total cost of a major purchase loan agreement using fixed and variable interest rates, calculated over time.

Analyze the impact of a positive or negative credit history.

Research major consumer credit laws and their impact on individuals in debt.

Find and use primary documentation; employ an accepted protocol for citation.

Assess the impact of identity theft; develop a plan for correcting a negative credit report.

Evaluate the impact of emerging technologies on various career paths and provide examples of industry certifications within the field.

Compare and contrast various suppliers of insurance products and develop criteria to evaluate individual insurance needs.

Develop criteria for a disaster management plan that includes provisions for secure storage of digital and paper documents, inventory of household items, cash reserves, and medical records.

Develop financial investment plans to accommodate various economic and personal scenarios.

Apply the "Rule of 72" to estimate the number of periods required to double an investment.

Compare and contrast various investment plans to achieve goals of liquidity, income, and growth.

Analyze the role of government in investment planning and retirement planning.

Assess the impact of political and economic changes on global business.

Evaluate logistical considerations of operating an international business (e.g., integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material handling, packaging, and security).

Examine business protocol of several

Analyze how political environments affect international business.

Examine the legal requirements (foreign and domestic) of operating a business.

Examine economic issues in a country that engages in international business activities.

Analyze global businesses and the impact on the countries where they operate.

Analyze the effect of efficiencies in natural and human resources as it relates to global business relationships.

Identify and examine effective global business communications strategies.

Compare and contrast various nonverbal behaviors and their impact on business in a global environment.

Analyze how economic and environmental factors may conflict; explain how responsible behavior can help sustain natural and human communities at local, regional, national, and global levels.

Identify worldviews and their impact on global business.

Identify strategies employed to promote global business opportunities.

Identify business strategies related to international marketing.

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Predict and chart trends that show how future economic growth/decline impacts business.

Analyze the costs and benefits of organizing a business as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation.

Critique major social and ethical decisions made by business and organizations throughout history.

Analyze the effectiveness of a business plan for setting and achieving objectives.

Evaluate how businesses are organized to achieve desired goals.

Critique business strategies designed to balance the needs of the business with the work force.

Analyze leadership skills necessary for leading at various management levels.

Analyze motivational theories and their application in a business or organization.

Analyze and select appropriate managerial communication skills based upon context.

Analyze the use and purpose of various technology tools used by management.

Design a career plan that incorporates personal interests, education, and societal trends, as related to lifelong learning in the changing global environment.

Explain the purpose and activities of a human resource department in a business or organization.

Evaluate selection criteria for a position in a business or organization.

Analyze existing federal, state and local legislation (such as harassment, employee rights, privacy, discrimination, substance abuse) as related to recruitment, selection, retention of employees within a business or organization.

Explain the collective bargaining process and its impact on the legal requirements of management.

Design appropriate orientation, training, and evaluation activities to meet established skill development requirements.

Assess compensation, benefit plans, incentive packages, and possible career paths in businesses.

Compare a firm's financial position against industry standards.

Compare and contrast the processes used for the design, redesign, supply, and/or production of a current industry product.

Analyze the impact of different management strategies used by global businesses.

Analyze and summarize professional designations, careers, and organizations within the field of marketing, including the educational and certification requirements for each.

Analyze how marketing influences today's households, businesses, and society; including but not limited to business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer.

Evaluate the influence of members of a marketing channel, including company, intermediaries, retailer, and consumer.

Reference Business, Computer and Information Technologies

Research and analyze consumer behavior patterns and the effect of those patterns on business and the economy.

Evaluate processes needed to obtain, develop, maintain, and improve products or services; including product development, packaging, branding, product mix, product life cycle, and product positioning.

Assess the distribution process of various companies and industries.

Evaluate the impacts of various pricing strategies on the consumer and businesses at the local, domestic, and global level; including penetration, skimming, supply/demand, and exchange rates.

Design a comprehensive promotion plan for a product or service.

Analyze data collection methods when entering into or expanding a market.

Create a comprehensive marketing plan.

Analyze the costs and benefits of using technology in marketing to gain a competitive advantage.

Evaluate laws and regulations impacting marketing.

Assess how similarities and differences among scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical knowledge and skills contributed to the design of a product or system.

Develop a plan that incorporates knowledge from science, mathematics, and other disciplines to design or improve a technological product or system.

Analyze how technology transfer occurs when a user applies an existing innovation developed for one function for a different purpose.

Evaluate how technology enhances opportunities for new products and services through globalization.

Connect technological and engineering progress to the advancement of other areas of knowledge and vice versa.

Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact.

Synthesize data and analyze trends to make decisions about technological products, systems, or processes.

Interpret laws, regulations, policies, and other factors that impact the development and use of technology.

Develop a device or system for the marketplace.

Evaluate ways that technology and engineering can impact individuals, society, and the environment.

Critique whether existing or proposed technologies use resources sustainably.

Critically assess and evaluate a technology that minimizes resource use and resulting waste to achieve a goal.

Evaluate a technological innovation that arose from a specific society's unique need or want.

Evaluate how technology and engineering advancements alter human health and capabilities.

Evaluate a technological innovation that was met with societal resistance impacting its development.

Use various approaches to communicate processes and procedures for using, maintaining, and assessing technological products and systems.

Apply a broad range of design skills to a design thinking process.

Apply appropriate design thinking processes to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems to ensure precise, safe, and proper functionality.

Recognize and explain how their community and the world around them informs technological development and engineering design.

Safely apply an appropriate range of making skills to a design thinking process.

Implement and critique principles, elements, and factors of design.

Evaluate and define the purpose of a design.

Conduct research to inform intentional inventions and innovations that address specific needs and wants.

Analyze and use relevant and appropriate design thinking processes to solve technological and engineering problems.

Implement the best possible solution to a design using an explicit process.

Apply principles of human-centered design.

Optimize a design by addressing desired qualities within criteria and constraints while considering trade-offs.

Use a design thinking process to design an appropriate technology for use in a different culture.