Grade 6 Social Studies PA Core Standards

Tools of Foreign Policy

Countries and Conflicts

How International Relationships Function

Taxes

Media Influences

Interest Groups

Conflict and the Court System

Elements of the Election Process

Leadership and Political Elections

Government Services

Structure, Organization, and Operation of Governments

Branches of Government

How Government Works

Competent and Responsible Citizens

Leadership and Public Service

Conflict and Resolution

Civics Rights and Responsibilities

Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship

Symbols

Individual Rights

Documents and Ideals that Shape Pennsylvania and US Government

Principles and Ideals that Shape Government

Laws and Government

Rule of Law

Principles and Documents of Government

Explain the effect of the rule of law in protecting property rights, individual rights, and the common good.

Compare and contrast a direct democracy with a republican form of government.

Explain how the principles and ideals shape local, state, and national government.<ul><li>Liberty/Freedom</li><li>Democracy</li><li>Justice</li><li>Equality</li></ul>

Explain the basic principles and ideals within documents and the roles played by the framers as found in significant documents:<ul><li>Declaration of Independence</li><li>United States Constitution</li><li>Bill of Rights</li><li>Pennsylvania Constitution</li></ul>

Summarize individual rights guaranteed by the PA Constitution and the U.S. Constitution.

Describe how citizens and leaders use political symbols.

Compare and contrast rights and responsibilites of citizenship in the community, state, and nation.

Explain how citizens resolve conflicts in society and government.

Describe the importance of political leadership and public service.

Explain why participation in government and civic life is important.

Describe the responsibilities and powers of the three branches of government.

Define and compare the role and structure of local, state, and national governments.

Describe how local, state, and national governments provide services.

Identify leadership positions and their primary duties at the local, state, and national levels.

Describe the voting process, including registration, primaries, and general elections.

Explain how courts resolve conflicts.

Identify individual interest groups and how they impact government.

Describe the influence of mass media on society.

Explain what taxes are and why they are necessary.

Identify how countries have varying interests.

Explain the difference between allies and adversaries.

Interest Rates

Costs and Benefits of Saving

Entrepreneurship

Distribution of Wealth

Profits and Losses

Labor Productivity

Factors Influencing Wages

Income, Profit, and Wealth

Factors Contributing to Economic Interdependence

Multinational and Non-Governmental Organizations

Trade

Specialization

Economic Interdependence

Government's Role in International Trade

Taxation

Government Involvement in the Economy

Goods and Services

Functions of Government

Economic Systems

Private Economic Institutions

Economic Health

Price Determination

Advertising and Media

Market Competition

Goods and Services

Markets and Economic Systems

Incentives and Choice

Opportunity Costs

Limited Resources

Scarcity and Choice

Scarcity and Choice

Explain how limited resources and unlimited wants cause scarcity.

Compare ways that people meet their needs with how they meet their wants. Describe how resources are combined to produce different goods and services.

Define opportunity cost and describe the opportunity cost of personal choice.

Identify incentives that affect personal choices.

Describe the interaction of consumers and producers of goods and services in the state and national economy.

Explain why and how market competition takes place.

Explain how advertising influences economic decisions.

Describe how prices influence both buyers and sellers and explain why prices may vary for similar products.

Explain the causes and effects of expansion and contraction of businesses.

Explain the influence of private economic institutions on the local and state economy.

Examine how various economic systems address the three basic questions.<ul><li>What to produce?</li><li>How?</li><li>For whom?</li></ul>

Examine government's role in providing public goods and services.

Describe the impact of government involvement in state and national economic activities.

Explain the cost and benefits of taxation.

Explain the benefits of international trade.

Explain why people specialize in the production of goods and services and divide labor.

Explain how trade affects standards of living.

Explain how multinational corporations contribute to economic interdependence.

Explain how transportation, communication networks, and technology contribute to economic interdependence.

Describe how the availability of goods and services is made possible by the work of members of the society.

Explain the concept of labor productivity.

Explain how profits and losses serve as incentives.

Describe how people accumulate tangible and intangible assets.

Explain the role of the entrepreneur in Pennsylvania.

Identify the costs and benefits of saving.

Explain the differences between interest rates for saving and borrowing.

Impact of People on Physical Systems

Impact of Physical Systems on People

Interactions Between People and the Environment

Human Characteristics

Human Characteristics of Places and Regions

Physical Processes

Physical Characteristics

Physical Characteristics of Places and Regions

Location of Places and Regions

Geographic Tools

Basic Geographic Literacy

Describe how common geographic tools are used to organize and interpret information about people, places, and environment.

Describe and locate places and regions as defined by physical and human features.

Describe the characteristics of places and regions.

Describe the physical processes that shape patterns on Earth's surface.

Describe the human characteristics of places and regions using the following criteria:<ul><li>Population</li><li>Culture</li><li>Settlement</li><li>Economic activities</li><li>Political activities</li></ul>

Describe and explain the effects of the physical systems on people within regions.

Describe and explain the effects of people on the physical systems within regions.

Conflict and Cooperation (World)

Impact of Continuity and Change (World)

Historical Documents, Artifacts, and Sites (World)

Contributions of Individuals and Groups (World)

World History

Conflict and Cooperation (US)

Impact of Continuity and Change on US History

Historical Documents and Artifacts (US History)

Contributions of Individuals and Groups (US History)

United States History

Conflict and Cooperation (PA)

Impact of Continnity and Change on PA History

Historical Documents, Artifacts, and Places (PA)

Contributions from Individuals and Groups (PA)

Pennsylvania History

Research

Fact/Opinion and Points of View

Continuity and Change over Time

Historical Analysis and Skills Development

Explain continuity and change over time using sequential order and context of events.

Differentiate between fact and opinion, multiple points of view, and primary and secondary sources to explain historical events.

Identify a thesis statement using appropriate primary and secondary sources.

Explain the social, political, cultural, and economic contributions of individuals and groups from Pennsylvania.

Describe the importance of significant historical documents, artifacts, and places critical to Pennsylvania history.

Explain how continuity and change have impacted Pennsylvania history.<ul><li>Belief systems and religions</li><li>Commerce and industry</li><li>Technology</li><li>Politics and government</li><li>Physical and human geography</li><li>Social organizations</li></ul>

Explain how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have impacted the history and development of Pennsylvania.<ul><li>Ethnicity and race</li><li>Working conditions</li><li>Immigration</li><li>Military conflict</li><li>Economic stability</li></ul>

Explain the social, political, cultural, and economic contributions of individuals and groups to United States history.

Explain the importance of significant historical documents, artifacts, and places critical to United States history.

Explain how continuity and change have impacted U.S. history.<ul><li>Belief systems and religions</li><li>Commerce and industry</li><li>Technology</li><li>Politics and government</li><li>Physical and human geography</li><li>Social organizations</li></ul>

Explain how conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations have impacted the history and development of the U.S.<ul><li>Ethnicity and race</li><li>Working conditions</li><li>Immigration</li><li>Military conflict</li><li>Economic stability</li></ul>

Explain the social, political, cultural, and economic contributions of individuals and groups to world history.

Identify and explain the importance of historical documents, artifacts, and sites which are critical to world history.

Explain how continuity and change have impacted world history.<ul><li>Belief systems and religions</li><li>Commerce and industry</li><li>Technology</li><li>Politics and government</li><li>Physical and human geography • Social organizations</li></ul>

Examine patterns of conflict and cooperation among groups and organizations that impacted the development of the history of the world.

Range and Level of Complex Texts

Integration of Knowledge and Ideas

Craft and Structure

Key Ideas and Details

Reading Informational Text: Students read, understand, and respond to informational text – with emphasis on comprehension, making connections among ideas and between texts with focus on textual evidence.

Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.

Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

Identify key steps in a text's description of a process related to history/social studies (e.g., how a bill becomes law, how interest rates are raised or lowered).

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies.

Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).

Identify aspects of a text that reveal an author's point of view or purpose (e.g., loaded language, inclusion or avoidance of particular facts).

Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts.

Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text.

Analyze the relationship between a primary and secondary source on the same topic.

By the end of grade 8, read and comprehend history/social studies texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Range of Writing

Research to Build and Present Knowledge

Production and Distribution of Writing

Text Types and Purposes

Writing: Students write for different purposes and audiences. Students write clear and focused text to convey a well-defined perspective and appropriate content.

Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content. <ul><li>Introduce claim(s) about a topic or issue, acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically.</li><li>Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources.</li><li>Use words, phrases, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence.</li><li>Establish and maintain a formal style.</li><li>Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.</li></ul>

Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/experiments, or technical processes.<ul><li>Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information into broader categories as appropriate to achieving purpose; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.</li><li>Develop the topic with relevant, well-chosen facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.</li><li>Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts.</li><li>Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.</li><li>Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone.</li><li>Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.</li></ul>

Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

With some guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach, focusing on how well purpose and audience have been addressed.

Use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing and present the relationships between information and ideas clearly and efficiently.

Conduct short research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question), drawing on several sources and generating additional related, focused questions that allow for multiple avenues of exploration.

Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, using search terms effectively; assess the credibility and accuracy of each source; and quote or paraphrase the data and conclusions of others while avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation.

Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research.

Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences.